What does the term "incumbent" refer to?

The term "incumbent" specifically refers to an official who currently holds a particular office or position, especially in the context of elections. Incumbents are often seen as having an advantage in elections due to their established presence, name recognition, and access to resources associated with their current role. For example, a sitting president, senator, or mayor would be termed the incumbent in an election for that position. This term is important in political discussions as it helps to distinguish between those who are already in office and those who are seeking election to that office for the first time or aiming to replace them.