What is judicial review?

Judicial review refers to the power of courts to assess whether a law or executive action is in alignment with the Constitution. This fundamental principle ensures that the judiciary has the authority to invalidate laws or actions that it deems unconstitutional, thereby upholding the rule of law and protecting citizens' rights.

This power was established in the landmark case of Marbury v. Madison in 1803, where the Supreme Court asserted its role in interpreting the Constitution and set a precedent for future judicial review. It is a critical mechanism for maintaining the balance of power among the branches of government and preventing any branch from overstepping its authority.

The incorrect options focus on other aspects of governance. The creation of laws pertains to the legislative process, while reviewing executive orders specifically refers to oversight of the executive branch's actions. The evaluation of judicial appointments involves the selection and confirmation process of judges, which does not touch on the concept of reviewing laws or executive actions for constitutional compliance.