What was the key compromise at the Constitutional Convention concerning representation?

The Great Compromise, also known as the Connecticut Compromise, was crucial in resolving the debate on representation during the Constitutional Convention of 1787. At the heart of the conflict were two competing proposals: the Virginia Plan, which advocated for representation based on state population benefiting larger states, and the New Jersey Plan, which called for equal representation for each state, favoring smaller states.

The Great Compromise struck a balance between these two competing interests by establishing a bicameral legislature. In the House of Representatives, representation would be based on population, allowing larger states to have more influence. In contrast, the Senate would provide equal representation for each state, with two senators per state, regardless of size. This compromise was essential for gaining the support of both larger and smaller states, ensuring a fair and balanced approach to governance while setting the foundation for the legislative structure of the United States.

This compromise was pivotal not only in shaping the Congress but also in addressing the tensions between different states' interests, contributing to the eventual ratification of the Constitution.